C-library functions:

atoi

int atoi(char *s);

atoib

int atoib(char *s, int b);

dtoi

int dtoi(char *decstr, int *nbr);

utoi

int utoi(char *decstr,int *nbr);

otoi

int otoi(char *octstr, int *nbr);

xtoi

int xtoi(char *hexstr, int *nbr);

itoa

void itoa(int n, char * pstr);

itoab

void itoab(int n, char *s, int b);

itod

char * itod(int nbr, char str[], int sz);

itoo

char * itoo(int nbr, char str[], int sz);

itou

char * itou(int nbr, char str[], int sz);

itox

char * itox(int nbr, char str[], int sz);

bcopy

void bcopy(char *pSrc, char *pDest, int num);

bzero

int bzero(char * ptr, int nbytes);

memset

void memset(char *pMem, char ch, int num);

Fills a memory-area (num bytes from address pMem) with the given byte-value ch.

reverse

void reverse(char *s);

strcat

void strcat(char * str1,char * str2);

strchr

char * strchr(char * str, int chr);

strcmp

int strcmp(char *s, char *t);

toascii

int toascii(int c);

tolower

int tolower(int c);

toupper

int toupper(int c);

is-family

Syntax
int isalnum( int c );
int isalpha( int c );
int isascii( int c );
int isatty( int c );
int iscntrl( int c );
int iscons( int c );
int isdigit( int c );
int isgraph( int c );
int islower( int c );
int isodigit( int c );
int isprint( int c );
int ispunct( int c );
int isspace( int c );
int isupper( int c );
int isxdigit( int c );
int iswhite( int c );

Parameter Description
c: Integer to be tested


Each function in the is family tests a given integer value, returning a nonzero value if the integer satisfies the test condition and 0 if it does not. The ASCII character set is assumed.

The is functions and their test conditions are listed below:

Function	Test Condition
isalnum	Alphanumeric ('A'-'Z', 'a'-'z', or '0'-'9')
isalpha	Letter ('A'-'Z' or 'a'-'z')
isascii	ASCII character (0x00 - 0x7F)
isatty	c is a device
iscntrl	Control character (0x00 - 0x1F or 0x7F)
iscons	c is the console device
isdigit	Digit ('0'-'9')
isgraph	Printable character except space (0x21 - 0x7E)
islower	Lowercase letter ('a'-'z')
isodigit	Octal digit ('0'-'7')
isprint	Printable character (0x20 - 0x7E)
ispunct	Punctuation character (all but alphanumeric and control characters)
isspace	White-space character (0x09 - 0x0D or 0x20)
isupper	Uppercase letter ('A'-'Z')
iswhite	c <= 0x20, c >= 0x7F
isxdigit	Hexadecimal digit ('A'-'F','a'-'f', or '0'-'9')

The isascii routine produces meaningful results for all integer values. However, the remaining routines produce a defined result only for integer values corresponding to the ASCII character set (that is, only where isascii holds true).


Return Value

These routines return a nonzero value if the integer satisfies the test condition and 0 if it does not.

 

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LYNX-library functions:

BCDAdd

int BCDAdd(BCD *pBCDVal1, BCD *pBCDVal2);

Returns the sum of the addition of the BCD-value pointed to by pBCDVal1 and the BCD-value pointed to by pBCDVal2.
The BCD-values can be stored in normal integer-variables.

BCDAddConst

int BCDAddConst(BCD *pBCDVal1, BCD BCDVal2);

Returns the sum of the addition of the BCD-constant BCDVal2 and the BCD-value pointed to by pBCDVal1.
The BCD-values can be stored in normal integer-variables.

BCDSub

int BCDSub(BCD *pBCDVal1, BCD *pBCDVal2);

Returns the sum of the subtraction of the BCD-value pointed to by pBCDVal2 from the BCD-value pointed to by pBCDVal1.
The BCD-values can be stored in normal integer-variables.

BCDSubConst

int BCDSubConst(BCD *pBCDVal1, BCD BCDVal2);

Returns the sum of the subtraction of the BCD-constant BCDVal2 from the BCD-value pointed to by pBCDVal1.
The BCD-values can be stored in normal integer-variables.

BCDToASCII

void BCDToASCII(BCD *pBCDVal, char *pText);

Converts the BCD-value pointed to by pBCDVal into four ASCII-characters at the location pointed to by pText.
It does not append a trailing zero!

DrawFBox

void DrawFBox(int x, int y, int width, int height, char col);

Draws a filled box with width width and height height at pixel position x,y.
The colour index col is used to fill the box.

DrawLine

void DrawLine(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, char col);

Draws a line from x1,y1 to x2,y2 in colour col.

GetPixel

char GetPixel(char x, char y);

Returns the colour index of the pixel at position x,y.

SetPixel

void SetPixel(int x, int y, char col);

Sets the pixel at the position x,y to the colour index col.

DrawSprite

void DrawSprite(char *pSCB);

Draws a sprite (defined through the SpriteControlBlock at pSCB) into the render buffer.
See Chapter 6.4: Sprite Data Structure for a description.

EE_Erase

void EE_Erase(char cell);

Erases the given EEPROM-cell.

EE_Read

int EE_Read(char cell);

Reads the contents of a given EEPROM-cell.

EE_Write

void EE_Write(char cell, int value);

Writes the integer value to a given EEPROM-cell.

Flip

void Flip();

Changes the orientation of the screen and of the joypad buttons.

SetBuffers

void SetBuffers(char * pScreen, char * pRender, char *pCollide);

Sets the address of the current screen to pScreen and (to allow double-buffering) the address of the rendering-buffer to pRender.
If you don't want double-buffering you can set pRender to 0.
If you want to use collision-detection, you can set pCollide to the address of the collision-buffer, else set it to 0.

All three addresses should point to arrays of 8160 bytes, aligned to a 4 byte border.

SwapBuffers

void SwapBuffers();

Swaps the addresses of the rendering and the current screen buffer.

SetRGB

void SetRGB(char * pPalette);

Sets the colour palette to the 16 RGB values pointed to by pPalette.
32 bytes are representing the new palette:
GREEN0, GREEN1, ... GREENE, GREENF, BLUERED0, BLUERED1, ... , BLUEREDE, BLUEREDF
See Hardware addresses FDA0-FDBF.

random

int random();

Returns a random number out of 0..32767.

InitIRQ

void InitIRQ();

Initializes an IRQ-handler. It is needed by the 3 following routines, so use it first.

InstallIRQ

void InstallIRQ(int num, int (* funptr)() );

Point interrupt num (0 .. 7) to funptr. This routine does not enable the interrupt.

DeInstallIRQ

void DeInstallIRQ(int num);

Set interrupt num back to a dummy-ISR, which simply returns. It does not disable the specific Interrupt.

Example:

...     InitIRQ();	    /* now we may use IRQs */     Install(0,HBL);  /* HBL is called every horizontal line interrupt */     EnableIRQ(0);    /* use a macro defined in lynxlib.h */     CLI;             /* another macro */  ...  

InstallUploader

void InstallUploader (char divider);

This installs a ComLynx-uploader like the BLL-loader.The baudrate is set to 1MHz/16/(divider+1) with the same format :8E1.
lynxlib.h contains #defines:
• _62500Bd
• _31250Bd
• _9600Bd
Note:Do not call prior to InitIRQ !

TextOut

void TextOut(int x, int y, char forecol, char backcol, char *pText);

Prints up to 20 characters from the address pointed to by pText at the pixel-position x,y with the foreground colour index forecol and the background colour index backcol. If backcol = 0, the text is printed in transparency-mode.

At the moment there is only one font with height of 11 pixels and width of 8 pixels.

There is always a 11*8 pixel block of backcol-pixels appended to the text.

TextOutExt

void TextOutExt(int x, int y, char forecol, char backcol, char *pText, int stretchx, int stretchy);

Prints up to 20 characters from the address pointed to by pText at the pixel-position x,y with the foreground colour index forecol and the background colour index backcol. If backcol = 0, the text is printed in transparency-mode.
stretchx is used to stretch the horizontal text-dimension and stretchy is used to stretch the vertical text-dimension.

At the moment there is only one font with height of 11 pixels and width of 8 pixels.

There is always a 11*8 pixel block of backcol-pixels appended to the text.

SmpInit

void SmpInit(char channel,char timer);

Initialize the sample-player.
channel is the desired audio-channel (0..3)
timer is the timer-number (0..7, 4 should not be used, 0 and 2 make no sense)

SmpStart

void SmpStart(char *sample);

sample is a pointer to a signed sample-header. To convert WAV samples use wav2lsf.
The sample - header is defined like this


struct {    char unpacked;    char lenhi;    char lenlo;    char divider;    char stereo;    char data[len];  }sample;  

SmpStop

void SmpStop();

Stop the current sample.No need to call this function before SmpStart !

Tip: To halt the sample e.g. during pause:


void MyPause()  {    int sample;      if ( (sample = SmpActive()) ) // Note : "=" is correct here !!      DisableIRQ(my_smp_timer);    // do some other stuff.  // ...  // now leaving MyPause    if ( sample )      EnableIRQ(my_smp_timer);  }  

SmpActive

int SmpActive();

Returns TRUE if a sample is playing.

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(c) M. Domin and Bastian Schick
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Predefined Macros

lynx.h

1. uchar and uint In most case unsigned variables are ok, for these case, I found uchar or uint more convinient.

2. POKE(char *,char) and POKEW(int *,int)
   Use these macros only to store data in unusual places. Don't use them for hardware-addresse. Use the defined names instead.

3. PEEK(addr)
   Read a byte from addr. Don't use this for hardware-addresses !

4. SCB-macros
   SCB * is a pointer to a SpriteCcontrolBlock.
   • SCBCTL0(SCB *)
   • SCBCTL1(SCB *)
   • SCBCOLL(SCB *)
   • SCBNEXT(SCB *)
   • SCBDATA(SCB *)
   • SCBX(SCB *)
   • SCBY(SCB *)
   • SCBH(SCB *)
   • SCBV(SCB *)
   Example
   

      SCBX(my_sprite) = 10;     SCBNEXT(cls) = my_sprite;  

   Note:Do not define a scb as struct, it is a horrible waste of space due to the way cc65 treats structs.

5. CLI and SEI
   Clear or set the interrupt-disable bit in the 65SC02-P register.

6. EnableIRQ(num) and DisableIRQ(num)
   Enable/Disable the timer-interrupt of timer num. (Set/clear bit 7 in timctl0).

7. BRK(num)
   Insert a 65SC02-brk #num command.

8. _SetRGB(pal)
   Inline version of SetRGB.
9. WAITSUZY
   Waits until Suzy is finished.
10. _POKE(addr,val) and POKEW(addr,val)
    Special versions of POKE and POKEW.
    addr and val must be either a constant value or a global static variable.

lynxlib.h

1. _62500Bd,_31250Bd and _9600Bd
   Reload-values for the serial-timer.

2. IRQ_ENTRY and IRQ_EXIT
   These macros are needed if and irq-routine uses C.
   IRQ routines must not use register variables.
   IRQ_ENTRY must be before any declaration of auto-variables !
   Example
   

   void MyTimer() interrupt // don't forget this key-word !!  {    static hello; // this is ok    IRQ_ENTRY;    // set up for C    {             // start a new compound, so that we might use auto-variables    int a,b,c;    // now we can do what ever we want      //...    }    IRQ_EXIT;     // no C beyond this point !!!  }